i. Size is a key measure of systemic importance. The larger the bank, the more widespread the effect of a sudden withdrawal of its services and, therefore, the greater the chance that its distress or failure would cause disruption to the financial markets and systems in which it operates, and to the broader functioning of the economy. The size factor broadly measures the volume of a D-SIB's banking activities within the local banking system and economy and, therefore, provides a good measure of the potential systemic impact in case a bank should fail.

ii. The quantitative indicator used in the D-SIBs framework to measure a bank's size is its total assets, as disclosed in the balance sheet.

i. This measure captures the extent of a bank's interconnections with other financial institutions, which could give rise to externalities affecting the financial system and domestic economy.

ii. The quantitative indicators used to capture interconnectedness are interbank activities (represented by intra-financial system assets, and intra-financial system liabilities) and securities outstanding.

iii. Intra-financial system assets comprise lending to financial institutions (including undrawn committed lines), holding of securities issued by other financial institutions, gross positive current exposure of Securities Financing Transactions and exposure value of those Over the Counter ('OTC') derivatives which have positive current market value. Intra-financial system liabilities comprise deposits by other financial institutions (including undrawn committed lines), gross negative current exposure of Securities Financing Transactions and exposure value of those OTC derivatives which have negative current market value. The total marketable securities issued by the bank comprise debt securities, commercial paper, certificate of deposit and equity issued by the bank. The total marketable securities issued by the bank with the data on maturity structure of these securities will give an indication of the reliance of the bank on wholesale funding markets.

i. The concept underlying substitutability as a factor for assessing systemic importance, is the recognition that the greater the role of a bank in a particular business line, or in acting as a service provider in relation to market infrastructure, the more difficult it will be to swiftly replace that bank and the extent of the products and services it offers, and, therefore, the more significant the risk of disruption in the event that the bank becomes distressed.

ii. The quantitative indicators used to capture substitutability are assets under custody (i.e. the value of assets that a bank holds as a custodian), payment activity (i.e. the value of a bank's payments sent through all of the main payments systems of which it is a member) and values of underwritten transactions in debt and equity markets (i.e. the annual value of debt and equity instruments underwritten by the bank). This is based on the logic that the higher the market share of a bank, the more difficult it will be to substitute the extent and level of service it provides.

i. The degree of complexity of a bank is generally expected to be proportionately related to the systemic impact of the bank's distress, as the less complex a bank is, the more 'resolvable' it will likely be, and, in turn, the more likely the impact of its failure could be contained.

ii. The quantitative indicators used to capture complexity are the notional value of OTC derivatives (i.e. the ratio of the notional amount outstanding for the bank), Level 3 assets and ratio of the total value of the bank's holding of securities for trading and available for sale category.