Islamic bank licensees must mark-to-market as much as possible. The more prudent side of bid/offer must be used unless the bank is a significant market maker in a particular position type and it can close out at mid-market. Islamic bank licensees must maximise the use of relevant observable inputs and minimise the use of unobservable inputs when estimating fair value using a valuation technique. However, observable inputs or transactions may not be relevant, such as in a forced liquidation or distressed sale, or transactions may not be observable, such as when markets are inactive. In such cases, the observable data must be considered, but may not be determinative.